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Hartnup disease is a very rare medical condition that caused by brain detection and a skin rash, because tryptophan and similar amino acids are not absorbed well from the patient’s intestine and extra amounts of these substances are excreted into the urine. Hartnup disease happens when an individual inherits 2 recessive genes for the disorder, 1 from each parent. The disorder affects how a patient’s body produces amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. Individuals with Hartnup disease are unable to convert the tryptophan (amino acid) to the Vitamin B niacinamide. Usually they may not absorb amino-acids properly from the intestine and excrete extra amounts of those acids into the urine. In this case, the patient’s body is left with inadequate amounts of amino-acids. The symptoms of Hartnup disease can result from fever, physical or emotional distress, sunlight, or fever. Using a poor nutrition at all times precedes an attack. Hartnup disease attacks usually turn out to be severely less often with age. In most cases, the symptoms occur sporadically and are resulted from a deficiency of niacinamide. In patients with Hartnup disease, rash progresses on regions of the body which is exposed to sun. Such symptoms like a short stature, mental retardation, fainting, collapsing, headache, and unsteady galt are common in people with this medical disorder. The individual can become psychologically disturbed. Hartnup disease is diagnosed by performing of urine tests, which may show the typical abnormal excretion pattern of amino acids and their breakdown products. Individuals with Hartnum disease may avoid attacks by using good nutrition and supplements to their diets, containing niacin and acinamide. A diet that is adequate in protein may overcome the deficiency, resulted from poor gastrointestinal absorption and extra (excess) excretion of amino-acids into the urine.
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