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Dyspareunia is a medical condition, in which in deep or genital pelvic pain felt during intercourse occurs. Dyspareunia may occur in males, but is not too common. Prostate gland inflammation; using specific antidepressant medications including Clomipramine, Imipramine, and Amoxapine; or prostatitis can result a male to feel aching with orgasm. Dyspareunia is most likely to occur in women. Pain at the time of intercourse can progress during the 1st sexual intercourse attempt or later in life. The dysparenia’s cause can be psychologic or physical. In a female who has never had intercourse, a hymen (membranous fold) can completely or partially cover the vagina’s entrance. Penetration of penile at the time of the 1st sexual encounter can tear a membraneous fold (hymen), resulting in pain. Genital area bruising may also produce aching as may inadequate lubrication of the vagina, generally caused by insufficient foreplay. Genital area glands (Skene’s glands or Bartholin’s glands) can become inflamed or infected, causing pain. An allergic reaction to jellies, improper fitting diaphragm, or condom, allergic reaction to contraceptive foam can all irritate the cervix or vagina. A female can have a congenital abnormality including abnormal dividing vagina’s wall or a rigid hymen. Lack of estrogen results in thinning and drying walls of the vagina, probably causing pain at the time of intercourse. Surgeries to repair torn tissue after giving birth or other operations, that cause vagina narrowing can produce aching during intercourse. Vaginitis (vagina’s infection) and inflammation are frequently painful. Dysparlunia also may be caused by adhesions, pelvic tumor, endometriosis; and infection of fallopian tube, uterus, and cervix. Radiation therapies for cancers, can cause tissue changes that make intercourse painful. A female with dyspareunia can develop sexual intercourse fear and anxiety. Repulsion or anger toward a sexual partner is the other possible problem that can require to be addressed. A physician tries to confirm whether the cause of dyspareunia are psychologic or physical by performing a pelvic evaluation and taking a full history. Treatment of dyspareunia consists of Sitz baths, applying anesthetic ointments (for decreasing pain), applying a lubricant before each intercourse (to reduce dryness). Females with menopause can benefit by using oral estrogen or a topical estrogen cream to increase lubrication of the vagina. Vaginal infection and inflammation are treated with various medications. Aluminum acetate solution wet dressings can be helpful, if the vulva is painful and swollen. Surgery can be required to remove abscesses or cysts, repair anatomic abnormalities, or open a rigid hymen. In rare cases, sedatives or analgetics can be required in individuals with dyspareunia.
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