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Corionic Villus Sampling is a procedure, indicated to diagnose some fetus disorders, usually between ten and twelve weeks into pregnancy. Before this test, ultrasound scanning is required to confirm that the fetus is alive, to determine the age of fetus, and to ebcate placenta. Chorionic Villus Sampling is performed by obtaining a small sample of tiny projections that make up part of placenta (or chorionic villi). The sample is taken through abdominal wall or cervix. For the transcervical technique, a female lies on her back with knees and hips bent, usually supported by knee or heel stirrups. Guided by ultrasound, a physician places a special tube (catheter) through the cervix and vagina and the cervix into the placenta. A tiny placenta’s sample is extracted into the flexible tube (catheter) by using a syringe. The transcervical technique may not be used, if a female has defect of the cervix or an active infection of genitals such as gonorrhea, genital herpes, or chronic inflammation of cervix. For the transabdominal technique, the skin over the site of insertion is anesthized; a needle is placed through wall of abdomen directly into the placenta, and the sample is extracted with a syringe. The sample is tested in the laboratory. The risk of Chorionic Villus Sampling procedure poses small risks for the fetus and female. Brief vaginal spotting or leaking of amniotic fluid may happen in about one to two percent of the females and usually stop without cure. After Chorionic Villus Sampling, the complication such as miscarriage may occur at the rate of about 1 in 200. Needle injury to the fetus is very rare. The risk of damaging the hands or feet of the fetus can occur in 1 out 3,000 in Chorionic Villus Sampling.
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