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An anal fissure (also known as anal ulcer, fissure in ano) is an ulcer or tear in the anus lining. Anal fissure is usually resulted from injuries from a hard or large bowel movement. Anal fissure results in the sphincters to go into spasms, which can prevent healing. Such fissure results in bleeding and pain shortly after or during a bowel movement. The pain lasts for a few minutes to few hours and then relieves until the next movement of the bowel. A physician diagnoses an anal fissure by examination of the anus. Treatment consists of psyllium or stool softener, which can decrease the injury resulted from hard bowel movements, while soothing or lubricating the lower rectum. Lubricant suppositories also may be helpful. A warm sitz bath for ten or fifteen minutes after every bowel movement relieves discomfort and helps increase flow in the blood, which promotes healing. When such treatment fails, surgery usually is required.
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