Breast Cancer is common in women. It does not occur in children and rarely affects the men. The human’s body consists of tiny building blocks, known as cells. Our bodies create these cells, replacing those which die with new ones. Generally, the body creates normal, healthy cells, which are doing what they should to do, which includes cells in the breast, the 2 rounded areas on the chest’s front. But if cells become abnormal, they may divide fast over & over again without dying, creating many copies of themselves. When it occurs, a Tumor ( abnormal body cells group together in the person’s lump or mass form), may start form and grow.

Breast Cancer is a type of tumor that’s developing in the person’s breast cells. Some people, who have Breast Cancer, might have cancerous cells in just one breast’s part which may be felt as a lump. The Breast Cancer may also spread throughout 1 or both breasts. In some cases, Breast Cancer may spread to other body’s parts, like to the liver, bones, etc.

Any woman may get Breast Cancer, but health specialists have discovered that specific factors make some women more likely to get it. 1. As woman gets older, she is at higher risk of getting Breast Cancer. 2. Family History: The women whose close relatives have had Breast Cancer are at higher risk to get it. 3. Women, who consume alcohol, smoke, eat high-fat food, can develop Breast Cancer (Tumor).

Signs of Breast Cancer; The women with Breast Cancer might not feel any signs or they can discover a painless lump in their breast. Most breast lumps are not cancerous, but any lumps must be checked by a health professional to be sure. Non cancerous lumps may be cyst (sacs or fluid-filled lumps) or scar tissue, or they may appear do to normal changes of breasts associated with aging or hormone changes. In some cases, a specialist will find a lump in woman’s breast at the time of routine exam or the woman may come to the doctor office to let him/her know she found lump. Sometimes, a Mammogram (specific type of X-Ray), may detect a lump in the person’s breast that may not be feel. Once a lump is discovered, the surgeon will order further testing.

A biopsy is the best way to do this. In this procedure, a small amount of breast tissue is taken with a needle or at the time of a small operation. After that, the tissue is carefully examined under a microscope to check for cancerous cells. The biopsy might show non cancerous cells (Benign), but if biopsy shows cancerous (Malignant) lump, the woman together with surgeon & her family will decide what next step should be taken. Breast Cancer (Tumor) treatment depend on the form of cancer & whether the cancer cells has spread to the other parts of body. Common treatment include: 1. Mastectomy – the surgery, in which the whole breast is removed. Such type of surgery is performed when cancer cells have spread through the person’s breast or into other body parts.

It’s best way to remove most or all of the cancer to prevent the cancer return back or spread further. In some cases, a woman who had a mastectomy, can choose an operation to rebuild her breast. 2. Lumpectomy is the surgical procedure which involves anesthesia (find info about anesthesia), where the cancerous lump from the breast is removed. the women have such procedure when the breast cancer is found at earlier stage & when the cancerous lump is small & located in only 1 part of the breast. 3. Chemotherapy & Radiation treatment are frequently used after mastectomy or lumpectomy to be sure that all cancer cells are destroyed & not growing back. Radiation treatment uses high energy X- Ray to kill all cancerous cells. Chemotherapy or Chemo is specific drug that’s traveling throughout all body & kills cancerous cells.

Living with Breast Cancer may be very difficult for a women & their families. After Breast Cancer treatment or surgery, a woman might not feel well for a some period of time. She can be depressed, if she had her whole breast removed. If a woman had Chemotherapy, she can lose her hair & she might feel sick to her stomach. She also will keep in mind that the cancer may return back & she will get ill again. The good new, especially if a lump is detected early, a woman will live normal, healthy, full life.

Some women, who have Breast Cancer, join support group so they may talk to other women with the same disease, who experience the same feelings. Surgeons & Scientists work together to find cure for the Breast Cancer. They research new drugs (medicines) that can even help to prevent this disease. But it is very important factor – to catch the disease as soon as possible. Monthly breast self-exams along with regular mammogram are the best way for women to prevent Breast Cancer or in worst scenario – to discover it at earlier stage.

Acute Lymphangitis is a medical condition, in which inflammation of 1 or more lymphatic vessels and is generally resulted from a streptococcal infection, occur. The lymphatic vessel is a small channel that is carrying lymph from tissues to lymph node and throughout the person’s body. Streptococci bacteria is commonly entering such vessels from an infection(usually cellulitis), wound, and scrape in the leg or arm.

Tender, red, warm, and irregular streaks are developing under the person’s skin in the damaged leg or arm. Usually, the streaks are stretching from the infected part toward a lymph nodes’ group, including those in armpit or groin. The lymph nodes are becoming tender and enlarged. The individual usually has headache, fever, irregular heartbeats, and chills. In some cases, such symptoms happen before the changes of skin appear. The infection is spreading from the lymph system into the blood and may result in infection throughout the person’s body, frequently with the startling speed. Ulcer can form in the person’s skin over the affected lymph vessels.

A blood test can reveal that the white blood cells number is higher to fight the infections. The organism, resulting in infection commonly can not be sampled and cultured until it has spread through the blood or may be obtained from open wound or pus. Most individuals with acute Lymphangitis are cured fast with antibiotics such as oxacillin, nafcillin, or dicloxacillin.

Legg-Calve Perthes Disease is a medical condition in which a destruction of the thighbone neck’s plate growth, occurs. Such disease affects one in one thousand to five thousand children between the ages of five and ten years and is more likely to occur in boys than in girls.

It usually affects only in 1 hip. Legg-Calve-Perthes disease resulted from a poor blood supply to the thighbone’s neck, but the cause for the poor blood supply is not known. The major symptoms include walking problems and hip pain. Symptoms start slowly and progress gradually. Movement of joints is limited, and the muscles of the thigh can become wasted from use lack. On x-rays examination, a thigh bone’s head appears flattened at first; later it appears fragmented.

Treatment of legg-calve perthes disease consists of splints, bed rest, blaster casts, and slings. Some doctors recommend orthopedic surgery to correct any remaining hip abnormalities. If not treated, the disease can take two to three years to heal. If any abnormalities persist, the risk of progressing hip joint osteoarthritis is higher. If the disorder is properly treated, the osteoarthritis is less likely to progress.

Prickly heat is known as heat rush, a condition where prolonged sweating clogs the sweat ducts, bringing them to break open and leak sweat beneath the skin which results in red bumps. To prevent prickly heat you should try to stay cool as much as possible. If you play sports, try to choose cooler times of the day if possible. At the same time avoid tight fitting clothes, which trap sweat next to your skin.

Build up slowly to any related hot-weather activities and try to put yourself in a situation around cool temperatures after sports activities.

If prickly heat happens, you should try to relieve itching by taking a tepid shower or pouring a cup of white vinegar into a tepid bath while soaking in it. You can also use moisturizers that contain dimethicone to relieve the associated rash symptoms.

Depression is a disease where the loss of self-esteem is present. Patients with depression feel helpless, hopeless, and worthless. They frequently feel like they are a burden to others. Guilt is a common and pessimism is universal because depressed people lose interest in the world around them, and they become isolated while withdrawing from professional and social life. They are unable to focus normally and concentrate. These individuals are preoccupied with themselves and are frequently indecisive plagued by illness or thoughts of death.

The individuals also show signs of self-neglect, in most cases in hygiene, appearance, nutrition, and exercise. Most common physical symptoms of depression include: aches and pains, loss of sexual interest, disturbance of sleep, and appetite, and abnormal bowel function. Many patients with depression are inactive and lethargic while others are agitated and anxious.

Most serious types of depression in major depression cases include: depressed mood, severely diminished interest in or pleasure from activities that are actually pleasurable, significant changes in appetite, insomnia, fatigue, inability to concentrate, think, make decisions, and thoughts of suicide or death. The other type of depression is known as Dysthymia, a less severe form than the major depression, but is a chronic, low-grade condition. Depression known as Adjustment disorder with depressed mood triggered by significant stress and life loss. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) appears on a seasonal pattern, starting in the fall and ending in spring. SAD is usually accompanied by weight gain, overeating, and extra sleeping.

Bipolar disorder is also known as manic depressive illness, which is dangerous. During this disorder, there are periods of mania, inappropriate elation, developed activity/energy, and diminished need for sleep.

The final type of depression is called Psychotic depression, a severe disorder in which deep depression is accompanied by thoughts similar to psychosis. There are therapies available in treating depression as well as medications such as Zoloft. It is very important for people with depression to become active in other things such as exercise, proper nutrition. Both of these things promote a generally healthy lifestyle and it’s very important for good mental health in our lives: healthy minds and healthy bodies blend in well together.

Coronary Artery disease is a medical condition that actually is just one manifestation of atherosclerosis, a disease involving the whole body. Coronary artery disease usually develops over years, as plagues containing cholesterol, inflammatory cells, and smooth muscle cells build up in the artery wall, partially blocking blood flow. If the plague destabilizes, it triggers the formation of blood clots (thrombus) on its surface.

The thrombus completes the blockage, leading to heart attack. The process begins when low-density “bad” cholesterol (LDL) penetrates the wall of an artery. If everything goes well, “good cholesterol” (HDL) may reverse the process, bringing cholesterol away from the artery for eventual disposal by the liver. In cases when bad cholesterol accumulates in the artery wall, it can become a target for oxygen free radicals, the high-energy molecules produced by the body’s metabolism.

When free radicals bombard cholesterol, they become oxidized lox-density lipoprotein (LDL), much as they become fat rancid. Oxidized cholesterol leads to the beginning of atherosclerosis and triggers active inflammation in the artery wall that becomes larger, trying to form a hard cap over the inflammatory plague. Enlarged plagues are very dangerous. They narrow coronary arteries, lowering the flood of blood. These types of plagues lead to angina, a developing chest pain where the heart muscle is unable to get the oxygen rich blood it requires. However large plagues usually don’t cause heart attacks.

On the other hand, softer and smaller plagues rupture, damaging the formation of blood clots on the disrupted plague’s surface. The clot finally closes the artery, and kills the heart muscle cells that depend on the artery for oxygen supply. If enough muscle cells are damaged, it may cause heart attacks. Individuals with high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, high/low cholesterol, tobacco exposure, stress, and lack of exercise are at high risk to have coronary artery disease.

You may lower your chances of this disease, cancer, and stroke by changing your lifestyle, including healthy habits and using supplements. Using small dosage of Aspirin may prevent coronary artery disease as well.

Tension headaches are known as muscle-contraction or stress headaches. When you are emotionally stressed, you are often tense, and muscle tension is the source of many headaches. Also fluctuations in your normal sleep and meal schedule may set off tension headaches.

Tension headache occurs about 69% of men at some point in their lives. This medical condition is characterized by a dull pain that is mild to moderate in character. The pain is steady rather than pounding or throbbing, and it can last anywhere from 15 minutes to a week.

A tension headache strikes on both sides of the head and it’s usually impossible to pinpoint the exact center of pain. Often your upper back, jaw, and neck muscles will feel tense, and you might have tight sensation around your scalp as well. Sometimes there is a lot of vise-like pressure. Tension headaches are brought on mainly by stress or fatigue. Eye strain, emotional problems, caffeine withdrawal, grinding your teeth, and even gum chewing can all provoke an attack, as can poor posture or sitting in front of your computer for a long period of time.

Gout is known as a man’s disease, because it occurs 5 to 7 times more often than in women. Gout strikes an estimate of 2.2 million Americans each year. It is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men over the age of 40.

This disease is caused by an abnormality in the body’s metabolism of uric acid. Uric acid levels are normally below 7 milligrams per deciliter of blood. The higher the uric acid level, the more it is likely to be an attack of gout. Men with levels above 9mg/dl have a 2.2% chance of developing gout. This disease may also develop by a rapid drop in uric acid levels which is why up to 30% of men with gout have normal uric acid levels at the time of the attack. An attack of gout usually occurs when excess uric acid is deposited in a joint. The uric acid forms crystals which irritate the joint lining.

The most common symptom of this medical condition is severe, acute pain in the joint. Gout is uncommon in the upper body, but it can strike wrists, fingers or elbows. Gout attacks often occur at night. Within hours, the joint becomes painful, swollen, red, or hot. The pain tenderness can be so severe that even the touch of a blanket or a sheet can be excruciating. Even though only one small joint is involved, the inflammation can be intense enough to cause muscle aches, fever and other flu-like symptoms. If gout is not treated, uric acid crystals will continue to accumulate in huge levels, leading to long term arthritis with chronic swelling and permanent joint damage. Uric acid crystals may also be deposited in the kidneys, forming kidney stones.

Gout is treated very well with nonsteroidal antiflammatory drugs such as Indomethacin (indocin) with a dose of 50mg, 3-4 times per day. In the next several days, when the condition improves, the dose can be reduced by half. Treatment usually continues for about a week. People with a history of peptic ulcers, gastritis, or advanced kidney disease cannot take NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). In this situation, men are given steroid drugs, such as Prednisone. Men with the gout disease should follow a low-fat, moderate protein diet. Alcohol must be cut and weight loss may help men who are overweight. A high fluid intake is important to help prevent uric acid kidney stones. Cutting down on such food as meat, seafood, yeast, beer and other alcohol beverages will decrease the formation of uric acid.

Medication that reduces uric acid production is called Allopurinol (Zyloprim). It is the only treatment for men with chronic gout, arthritis or uric acid kidney stones.

Prostate Cancer develops, when the genes that govern a cell’s growth and division lose control. Without proper checks and balances, malignant prostate cells multiply when they should not, and then go where they should not as they invade normal tissues near the prostate and eventually spread to other areas of the body.

Prostate cancer occurs in about 180,000 new individuals each year and is the most common internal cancer in American men. It is the second to lung cancer among malignant cases of death. Men most likely develop this disease, when they become older with a family history of prostate cancer, obesity, and those who follow an inappropriate diet with high-normal testosterone levels. Usually men with early stages of prostate cancer feel perfectly well; the only way to detect tiny prostate cancer is to screen men routinely.

When prostate cancer enlarges and spreads, it can produce symptoms ranging from urinary and sexual dysfunction to bone pain, weight loss, and weakness. Early prostate cancer is usually treated either with radiation or surgery. Both of these treatments carry risks from diarrhea and pain to urinary incontinence and impotence. For some early prostate cancers, especially in older men, no treatment may be just as effective as aggressive therapy. In current studies from Connecticut, men who were diagnosed with low-grade, localized prostate cancer between the ages of 65-75 but did not receive treatment lived just as long as men who never had cancer.

The best way to detect this disease at its earliest, most curable stage is with the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test. PSA is a glycoprotein, a sugar-containing protein. If PSA is present or occurs in high concentrations in semen, it might be an alert of possibility of prostate cancer. Other tests such as Digital rectal exam are recommended in men 40 or older yearly as well as ultrasound, or transrectal ultrasonograpy (TRUS). TRUS is a procedure when a small ultrasound probe is inserted in the rectum allowing sound waves to be aimed directly at the nearby prostate. Other procedures such as MRI, biopsy can also be used. When a doctor introduces a biopsy gun through  the rectal probe and lines it up with the prostate, he fires a set of needles and retrieves the tissue specimens, which are sent on to the labs where the pathologists examine them under a microscope.

The treatment of prostate cancer in most cases depends on the decision of the patient. Many men with prostate cancer choose a surgical type of treatment.  Every individual should consider both advantages and disadvantages of each treatment option that is available before making a final decision.

Amenorrhea is a condition, where absence of menstruation in premenopausal women occurs. In many cases Amenorrhea is not a cause for concern. However, if it persists for more than several months it should be treated, since over time the lack of ovulation and the drop in estrogen levels can increase bone turnover, thus raising the risk of osteoporosis, a systemic and often debilitating skeletal disease. This disease happens when the bones gradually lose their stone of calcium and other minerals. Amenorrhea affects a woman’s fertility.

Usually this condition is most frequently due to delayed puberty, a condition in which maturation is slower than average because of genetic factors or environmental factors such as poor nutrition. Sometimes the first menstrual period is delayed when a girl is undergoing heavy athletic training, stress, or if she has anorexia. At seldom, amenorrhea may result from some anatomical obstructions such as imperforate hymen, which blocks the blow of blood out of the vagina. Another common cause of this disease is a polycystic ovary syndrome, a condition marked by multiple ovarian cysts and excessive production of androgen (male-type hormones). Usually, amenorrhea does not require evaluation or treatment until the age of 18.

However, for girls it is important to see a doctor to rule out the few rare but serious causes of primary amenorrhea. The evaluation includes a pelvic examination, CT scan, or MRI in order to make sure there are no other diseases involved. After the age of 18 these investigations must be done. To prevent complications from amenorrhea, a doctor will prescribe estrogen supplements to help prevent osteoporosis. Supplemental calcium is often suggested as well. Women, who want to bear children, may require medications, such as clomiphene to stimulate ovulation. Various herbal remedies are often recommended. Amenorrhea may be prevented by maintaining normal body weight, reducing stress, and moderate exercise.